Standard: Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis for the model is on gravity as the force that holds together the solar system and Milky Way galaxy and controls orbital motions within them. Examples of models can be physical (such as the analogy of distance along a football field or computer visualizations of elliptical orbits) or conceptual (such as mathematical proportions relative to the size of familiar objects such as students' school or state).] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include Kepler’s Laws of orbital motion or the apparent retrograde motion of the planets as viewed from Earth.]

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Standard: Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. [Clarification Statement: Examples of models can be physical, graphical, or conceptual.]

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Standard: Apply Newton’s Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects.* [Clarification Statement: Examples of practical problems could include the impact of collisions between two cars, between a car and stationary objects, and between a meteor and a space vehicle.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to vertical or horizontal interactions in one dimension.]

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Standard: Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. [Clarification Statement: Examples of evidence for arguments could include data generated from simulations or digital tools; and charts displaying mass, strength of interaction, distance from the Sun, and orbital periods of objects within the solar system.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include Newton’s Law of Gravitation or Kepler’s Laws.]

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Standard: Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motions, which apply to human-made satellites as well as planets and moons.] [Assessment Boundary: Mathematical representations for the gravitational attraction of bodies and Kepler’s Laws of orbital motions should not deal with more than two bodies, nor involve calculus.]

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Learning Domain: Earth's Place in the Universe

Standard:

Indicator: Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Learning Domain: Earth's Place in the Universe

Standard:

Indicator: Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system.

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Learning Domain: Earth's Place in the Universe

Standard:

Indicator: Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Learning Domain: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

Standard:

Indicator: Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects.

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Learning Domain: Earth's Place in the Universe

Standard:

Indicator: Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)

Learning Domain: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

Standard:

Indicator: Apply Newton's third law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects.

Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)