Description
- Overview:
- This lesson unit is intended to help teachers assess how well students are able to: recognize the differences between equations and identities; substitute numbers into algebraic statements in order to test their validity in special cases; resist common errors when manipulating expressions such as 2(x Đ 3) = 2x Đ 3; (x + 3)_ = x_ + 3_; and carry out correct algebraic manipulations. It also aims to encourage discussion on some common misconceptions about algebra.
- Level:
- Lower Primary, Upper Primary, Middle School, High School
- Grades:
- Kindergarten, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5, Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, Grade 12
- Material Type:
- Assessment, Lesson Plan
- Provider:
- Shell Center for Mathematical Education
- Provider Set:
- Mathematics Assessment Project (MAP)
- Date Added:
- 04/26/2013
- License:
-
Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives
- Media Format:
- Downloadable docs, Text/HTML
Comments
Standards
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Standard: Derive the formula for the sum of a finite geometric series (when the common ratio is not 1), and use the formula to solve problems. For example, calculate mortgage payments.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Reasoning with Equations and InequalitiesCluster: Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning
Standard: Solve simple rational and radical equations in one variable, and give examples showing how extraneous solutions may arise.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Reasoning with Equations and InequalitiesCluster: Solve equations and inequalities in one variable
Standard: Solve quadratic equations in one variable.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Standard: Use the structure of an expression to identify ways to rewrite it. For example, see x^4 – y^4 as (x^2)^2 – (y^2)^2, thus recognizing it as a difference of squares that can be factored as (x^2 – y^2)(x^2 + y^2).
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Cluster: Mathematical practices
Standard: Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Mathematically proficient students understand and use stated assumptions, definitions, and previously established results in constructing arguments. They make conjectures and build a logical progression of statements to explore the truth of their conjectures. They are able to analyze situations by breaking them into cases, and can recognize and use counterexamples. They justify their conclusions, communicate them to others, and respond to the arguments of others. They reason inductively about data, making plausible arguments that take into account the context from which the data arose. Mathematically proficient students are also able to compare the effectiveness of two plausible arguments, distinguish correct logic or reasoning from that which is flawed, and—if there is a flaw in an argument—explain what it is. Elementary students can construct arguments using concrete referents such as objects, drawings, diagrams, and actions. Such arguments can make sense and be correct, even though they are not generalized or made formal until later grades. Later, students learn to determine domains to which an argument applies. Students at all grades can listen or read the arguments of others, decide whether they make sense, and ask useful questions to clarify or improve the arguments.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Reasoning with Equations and InequalitiesCluster: Solve equations and inequalities in one variable
Standard: Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Standard: Choose and produce an equivalent form of an expression to reveal and explain properties of the quantity represented by the expression.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Cluster: Mathematical practices
Standard: Look for and make use of structure. Mathematically proficient students look closely to discern a pattern or structure. Young students, for example, might notice that three and seven more is the same amount as seven and three more, or they may sort a collection of shapes according to how many sides the shapes have. Later, students will see 7 × 8 equals the well remembered 7 × 5 + 7 × 3, in preparation for learning about the distributive property. In the expression x^2 + 9x + 14, older students can see the 14 as 2 × 7 and the 9 as 2 + 7. They recognize the significance of an existing line in a geometric figure and can use the strategy of drawing an auxiliary line for solving problems. They also can step back for an overview and shift perspective. They can see complicated things, such as some algebraic expressions, as single objects or as being composed of several objects. For example, they can see 5 – 3(x – y)^2 as 5 minus a positive number times a square and use that to realize that its value cannot be more than 5 for any real numbers x and y.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Standard: Interpret expressions that represent a quantity in terms of its context.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Standard: Interpret complicated expressions by viewing one or more of their parts as a single entity. For example, interpret P(1+r)^n as the product of P and a factor not depending on P.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Standard: Interpret parts of an expression, such as terms, factors, and coefficients.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Standard: Use the properties of an expression to identify ways to rewrite it. For example, see x4 - y4 as (x2)2 - (y2)2, thus recognizing it as a difference of squares that can be factored as (x2 - y2)(x2 + y2).
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Arithmetic with Polynomials and Rational FunctionsCluster: Use polynomial identities to solve problems
Standard: Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships. For example, the polynomial identity (x^2 + y^2)^2 = (x^2 – y^2)^2 + (2xy)^2 can be used to generate Pythagorean triples.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Standard: Complete the square in a quadratic expression to reveal the maximum or minimum value of the function it defines.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Common Core State Standards Math
Grades 9-12,Algebra: Seeing Structure in ExpressionsCluster: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Standard: Factor a quadratic expression to reveal the zeros of the function it defines.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Indicator: Use the structure of an expression to identify ways to rewrite it. For example, see x^4 - y^4 as (x^2)^2 - (y^2)^2, thus recognizing it as a difference of squares that can be factored as (x^2 - y^2)(x^2 + y^2).
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Reasoning with Equations and Inequalities
Standard: Solve equations and inequalities in one variable
Indicator: Solve quadratic equations in one variable.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Indicator: Interpret expressions that represent a quantity in terms of its context.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Indicator: Use the properties of an expression to identify ways to rewrite it. For example, see x4 - y4 as (x2)2 - (y2)2, thus recognizing it as a difference of squares that can be factored as (x2 - y2)(x2 + y2).
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Indicator: Complete the square in a quadratic expression to reveal the maximum or minimum value of the function it defines.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Indicator: Factor a quadratic expression to reveal the zeros of the function it defines.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Indicator: Interpret parts of an expression, such as terms, factors, and coefficients.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Interpret the structure of expressions.
Indicator: Interpret complicated expressions by viewing one or more of their parts as a single entity. For example, interpret P(1+r)^n as the product of P and a factor not depending on P.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Arithmetic with Polynomials and Rational Functions
Standard: Use polynomial identities to solve problems
Indicator: Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships. For example, the polynomial identity (x^2 + y^2)^2 = (x^2 - y^2)^2 + (2xy)^2 can be used to generate Pythagorean triples.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Indicator: Derive the formula for the sum of a finite geometric series (when the common ratio is not 1), and use the formula to solve problems. For example, calculate mortgage payments.*
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Seeing Structure in Expressions
Standard: Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems
Indicator: Choose and produce an equivalent form of an expression to reveal and explain properties of the quantity represented by the expression.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Mathematical Practices
Standard: Mathematical practices
Indicator: Look for and make use of structure. Mathematically proficient students look closely to discern a pattern or structure. Young students, for example, might notice that three and seven more is the same amount as seven and three more, or they may sort a collection of shapes according to how many sides the shapes have. Later, students will see 7 x 8 equals the well remembered 7 x 5 + 7 x 3, in preparation for learning about the distributive property. In the expression x^2 + 9x + 14, older students can see the 14 as 2 x 7 and the 9 as 2 + 7. They recognize the significance of an existing line in a geometric figure and can use the strategy of drawing an auxiliary line for solving problems. They also can step back for an overview and shift perspective. They can see complicated things, such as some algebraic expressions, as single objects or as being composed of several objects. For example, they can see 5 - 3(x - y)^2 as 5 minus a positive number times a square and use that to realize that its value cannot be more than 5 for any real numbers x and y.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Reasoning with Equations and Inequalities
Standard: Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning
Indicator: Solve simple rational and radical equations in one variable, and give examples showing how extraneous solutions may arise.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Mathematical Practices
Standard: Mathematical practices
Indicator: Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Mathematically proficient students understand and use stated assumptions, definitions, and previously established results in constructing arguments. They make conjectures and build a logical progression of statements to explore the truth of their conjectures. They are able to analyze situations by breaking them into cases, and can recognize and use counterexamples. They justify their conclusions, communicate them to others, and respond to the arguments of others. They reason inductively about data, making plausible arguments that take into account the context from which the data arose. Mathematically proficient students are also able to compare the effectiveness of two plausible arguments, distinguish correct logic or reasoning from that which is flawed, and"Óif there is a flaw in an argument"Óexplain what it is. Elementary students can construct arguments using concrete referents such as objects, drawings, diagrams, and actions. Such arguments can make sense and be correct, even though they are not generalized or made formal until later grades. Later, students learn to determine domains to which an argument applies. Students at all grades can listen or read the arguments of others, decide whether they make sense, and ask useful questions to clarify or improve the arguments.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Learning Domain: Algebra: Reasoning with Equations and Inequalities
Standard: Solve equations and inequalities in one variable
Indicator: Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
Degree of Alignment: Not Rated (0 users)
Evaluations
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Tags (10)
- Mathematics
- Algebra and Calculus
- Algebra
- CCSS
- Common Core Math
- Common Core PD
- Equations
- Expressions
- Inequalities
- ODE Learning
Lesson unit challenges students to recognize differences between equations and identities, to substitute numbers into algebraic statements to test their validity in special cases.
Materials provides instructional strategies to address common misconceptions.
A-APR.4 – Rating 2
A-SSE.3 – Rating 2